2. 编程基础
  3. 用简易代码拆解物联网IoT平台骨架

用简易代码拆解物联网IoT平台骨架

admin2024-09-05  6

一、功能实现

完成平台基础数据配置，MQ服务，数据流转（网关读取设备数据，自定义报文上传，触发器判断，自定义报文下发，网关写入设备数据）

JSON串转换过程

网关发送编码 {"ts":"2024-09-05T03:03:40.174Z","d":[{"tag":"40105","value":50}]}
IoT接收解码  {"temperature":50}
IoT触发规则(写入设备) {"ts":"2024-09-05T03:03:40.301Z","w":[{"tag":"00105","value":true}]}
网关接收解码 >> {"GateCode":"---","Equips":[{"EquipCode":"---","Tags":[{"TagCode":"00105","TagValue":true}]}]}

*** 麻雀虽小，五章俱全 ***

二、使用技术

HslCommunication：用于跟Modbus交互

LiteDB：非关系型数据库，用于存储设备模型（属性，触发器），存储告警日志，进行分页查询

Microsoft.ClearScript.V8：在js文件里自定义编解码规则，打通数据包格式

DynamicExpresso.Core：规则引擎，评判触发条件

MQTTnet：MQServer/MQClient，用于订阅/发布消息

三、实现效果 

【设备模拟器】- Modbus TCP

用简易代码拆解物联网IoT平台骨架,第1张

场景测试(变化上报)：

1. 轮询Modbus设备点位 -> 检测到数据变化 -> 发布mq报文(自定义编码)

2. IoT订阅接收报文 -> 自定义解码 -> 规则引擎校验 -> 发布mq报文(自定义编码)

3. IoT订阅接收报文 -> 自定义解码 -> 写入点位值

用简易代码拆解物联网IoT平台骨架,第2张

场景测试(定时上报)：

用简易代码拆解物联网IoT平台骨架,第3张

四、核心代码

用简易代码拆解物联网IoT平台骨架,第4张

【设备层】边缘网关

using HslCommunication;
using HslCommunication.Core;
using HslCommunication.Core.Device;
using HslCommunication.ModBus;
using IotDataFlow.Section.gate.model;
using IotDataFlow.Section.iot.model;
using IotDataFlow.Util;
using Microsoft.ClearScript.V8;
using MQTTnet.Client;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Json;

namespace IotDataFlow.Section.gate
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 【设备层】边缘网关
    /// </summary>
    public class Gate
    {
        static GateModel GateModel_Time = new GateModel();
        static GateModel GateModel_Change = new GateModel();
        static Dictionary<string, EquipModel> DicTag = new Dictionary<string, EquipModel>();
        static MQClient MqttGate = new MQClient();
        static string ScriptPathGate = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + $"Script{Path.DirectorySeparatorChar}gate{Path.DirectorySeparatorChar}script1.js";
        static V8ScriptEngine Engine = new V8ScriptEngine();
        static string PubTopic;

        /// <summary>
        /// 配置基础信息:网关信息
        /// </summary>
        public static void ConfigBaseInfo()
        {
            try
            { 
                GateModel_Time.GateCode = "gw1";
                GateModel_Time.Equips = new List<EquipModel>()
                {
                    new EquipModel()
                    {
                        EquipCode = "JY355",
                        HostAddress = "127.0.0.1",
                        PortNumber = 502,
                        Tags = new List<TagModel>()
                        {
                            new TagModel() { TagCode = "40105", TagDT = (typeof(ushort)).Name.ToLower(), TagValue = 0 },
                            new TagModel() { TagCode = "40106", TagDT = (typeof(ushort)).Name.ToLower(), TagValue = 0 },
                            new TagModel() { TagCode = "00105", TagDT = (typeof(bool)).Name.ToLower(), TagValue = false },
                            new TagModel() { TagCode = "00106", TagDT = (typeof(bool)).Name.ToLower(), TagValue = false }
                        }
                    }
                };

                // 添加地址与数据类型对应关系，用于写入时查询
                foreach (var equip in GateModel_Time.Equips)
                {
                    foreach (var tag in equip.Tags)
                    {
                        if (!DicTag.ContainsKey(tag.TagCode))
                        {
                            DicTag.Add(tag.TagCode, equip);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // 变化上传Model
                GateModel_Change.GateCode = GateModel_Time.GateCode;
                GateModel_Change.Equips = new List<EquipModel>() { new EquipModel() { Tags = new List<TagModel>() { new TagModel() } } };
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error($"Gate,ConfigBaseInfo,errmsg:{ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 运行服务(定时轮询&定时上报)
        /// </summary>
        public static async Task Run(MqttModel mqModel, string subTopic, string pubTopic)
        {
            try
            {
                PubTopic = pubTopic;

                var scriptContent = File.ReadAllText(ScriptPathGate);
                Engine.Execute(scriptContent);

                await MqttGate.InitConnect("127.0.0.1", mqModel.Port, mqModel.UserName, mqModel.Password, "mqgate", subTopic, SubCallBack);

                Task.Run(() => TskPoll());
                Task.Run(() => TskUpload());
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error($"Gate,Run,errmsg:{ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 定时轮询
        /// </summary>
        static async void TskPoll()
        { 
            while (true)
            {
                try
                {
                    foreach (var equip in GateModel_Time.Equips)
                    {
                        var hsl = GetHslBase(equip);

                        foreach (var tag in equip.Tags)
                        {
                            bool status = false; object result = null; string message = null;

                            var startaddress = tag.TagCode; ConvertStandardModbusAddress2HSLAddress(ref startaddress);

                            switch (tag.TagDT)
                            {
                                case "uint16":
                                    {
                                        OperateResult<ushort> response = await hsl.ReadUInt16Async(startaddress);
                                        if (null != response) { status = response.IsSuccess; result = response.Content; message = response.ToMessageShowString(); } 
                                    }
                                    break;
                                case "boolean":
                                    {
                                        OperateResult<bool> response = await hsl.ReadBoolAsync(startaddress);
                                        if (null != response) { status = response.IsSuccess; result = response.Content; message = response.ToMessageShowString(); }
                                    }
                                    break;
                            }

                            if (!status)
                            {
                                Logger.Error($"网关读取Modbus数据异常,address:{tag.TagCode},errmsg:{message}");
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                // 变化上报
                                if (!tag.TagValue.ToString().Equals(result.ToString()))
                                {
                                    tag.TagValue = result; 
                                    //
                                    GateModel_Change.Equips[0].EquipCode = equip.EquipCode;
                                    GateModel_Change.Equips[0].Tags[0] = tag; 
                                    UploadData("变化上报", GateModel_Change);// {"ts":"2024-09-04T03:13:41.874Z","d":[{"tag":"40105","value":0}]}
                                } 
                            }

                            await Task.Delay(100);
                        } 
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Logger.Error($"Gate,TskPoll,errmsg={ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
                }

                await Task.Delay(500);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 定时上报
        /// </summary>
        static async void TskUpload()
        { 
            while (true)
            {
                await Task.Delay(60000);

                try
                {
                    await UploadData("定时上报", GateModel_Time);// {"ts":"2024-09-03T07:57:58.471Z","d":[{"tag":"40105","value":"5"},{"tag":"40106","value":"6"}]} 
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Logger.Error($"Gate,TskUpload,errmsg={ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
                } 
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 上报数据
        /// </summary>
        static async Task UploadData(string note, GateModel gateModel)
        {
            string dataJson = JsonSerializer.Serialize(gateModel);

            var encodeJson = Engine.Invoke("encodeMqttPayload", dataJson);

            Logger.Info($"网关自定义编码 >> 备注=【{note}】 Topic主题=【{PubTopic}】 消息=【{encodeJson}】");

            await MqttGate.Publish(PubTopic, encodeJson.ToString());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 收到消息事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arg"></param>
        /// <returns></returns> 
        static async Task SubCallBack(MqttApplicationMessageReceivedEventArgs arg)
        {
            try
            { 
                string topic = arg.ApplicationMessage.Topic;
                string mqttPayload = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(arg.ApplicationMessage.PayloadSegment); 
                Logger.Info($"网关接收报文 >> 客户端ID=【{arg.ClientId}】 Topic主题=【{topic}】 消息=【{mqttPayload}】");

                // 写入 {"ts":"2024-09-04T03:41:34.747Z","w":[{"tag":"10105"}]} 
                var decodeJson = Engine.Invoke("decodeMqttPayload", mqttPayload);

                Logger.Info($"网关自定义解码 >> {decodeJson}");

                var model = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<GateModel>(decodeJson.ToString());

                foreach (var equip in model.Equips)
                {
                    foreach (var tag in equip.Tags)
                    {
                        var tagCode = tag.TagCode;
                        var address = tagCode; ConvertStandardModbusAddress2HSLAddress(ref address);
                        var content = tag.TagValue.ToString(); OperateResult? operateResult = null; 

                        if (DicTag.ContainsKey(tagCode))
                        {
                            var tempDevice = DicTag[tagCode];

                            var hsl = GetHslBase(tempDevice);

                            var tempTag = tempDevice.Tags.Where(x => x.TagCode == tagCode).First();

                            if (null != tempTag)
                            {
                                switch (tempTag.TagDT)
                                {
                                    case "uint16":
                                        {
                                            operateResult = await hsl.WriteAsync(address, Convert.ToUInt16(content));
                                        }
                                        break;
                                    case "boolean":
                                        {
                                            operateResult = await hsl.WriteAsync(address, Convert.ToBoolean(content));
                                        }
                                        break;
                                }

                                if (null != operateResult && operateResult.IsSuccess)
                                {
                                    if (operateResult.IsSuccess)
                                    {
                                        Logger.Info($"网关写入数据 >> 状态=【成功】 地址=【{tagCode}】 值=【{content}】");
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        Logger.Error($"网关写入数据 >> 状态=【失败】 地址=【{tagCode}】 值=【{content}】错误信息=【{operateResult.ToMessageShowString()}】");
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    Logger.Error($"网关写入数据 >> 状态=【失败】 地址=【{tagCode}】 值=【{content}】 错误信息=【operateResult==null】");
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                Logger.Error($"网关写入数据 >> 状态=【失败】 地址=【{tagCode}】 值=【{content}】 错误信息=【tempTag==null】");
                            } 
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Logger.Error($"网关写入数据 >> 状态=【失败】 地址=【{tagCode}】 值=【{content}】错误信息=【DicTag字典查无数据】");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error($"Gate,SubCallBack,errmsg:{ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取Hsl进行设备交互的对象
        /// </summary>
        static DeviceCommunication GetHslBase(EquipModel equip)
        {
            var hsl = (DeviceCommunication)UidMgr.GetClient(equip.EquipCode);
            if (null == hsl)
            {
                var temp = new ModbusTcpNet(equip.HostAddress, equip.PortNumber);
                temp.Station = 1;
                temp.AddressStartWithZero = false;
                temp.DataFormat = DataFormat.CDAB;
                temp.ReceiveTimeOut = 5000;
                hsl = temp;
                UidMgr.AddClient(equip.EquipCode, hsl);
                Logger.Info($"网关初始化设备交互 >> 设备编码=【{equip.EquipCode}】"); 
            }
            return hsl;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 地址转换
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="val"></param>
        static void ConvertStandardModbusAddress2HSLAddress(ref string val)
        {
            if (!val.Contains("x="))
            {
                int code = 1;
                ushort address = Convert.ToUInt16(val);
                if (address >= 00001 && address <= 09999)// 00001 ~ 09999
                {
                    code = 1;// 读线圈状态
                }
                else if (address >= 10001 && address <= 19999)// 10001 ~ 19999
                {
                    code = 2;// 读离散输入状态（只读）
                }
                else if (address >= 30001 && address <= 39999)// 30001 ~ 39999 04指令
                {
                    code = 4;// 读输入寄存器（只读）
                }
                else if (address >= 40001 && address <= 49999)// 40001 ~ 49999 03指令
                {
                    code = 3;// 读保存寄存器
                }
                var temp = Convert.ToUInt16(val.Substring(1));
                val = $"x={code};{temp}";
            }
        }
    }
}

【应用层】管理后台

using IotDataFlow.Section.iot.model;
using IotDataFlow.Util;
using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
using System.Text.Json;

namespace IotDataFlow.Section.iot
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 【应用层】管理后台
    /// </summary>
    public class Web
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 配置基础数据:设备信息（物模型）
        /// </summary>
        public static void ConfigBaseInfo(string deviceId, string subTopic, string pubTopic)
        {
            // 设备注册 
            var insert = false;
            var deviceModel = LitedbHelper.GetDeviceModel(deviceId);

            if (null == deviceModel)
            {
                deviceModel = new DeviceModel(); insert = true;
            }

            deviceModel.SubTopic = subTopic;
            deviceModel.PubTopic = pubTopic;
            deviceModel.DeviceId = deviceId;
            deviceModel.DeviceName = "温湿度计";

            deviceModel.Propertys = new Dictionary<string, PropertyModel>()
            {
                ["temperature"] = new PropertyModel() { DataType = (typeof(double)).Name.ToLower(), DataValue = 0 },
                ["humidity"]= new PropertyModel() { DataType = (typeof(double)).Name.ToLower(), DataValue = 0 },
                ["status"] = new PropertyModel() { DataType = (typeof(string)).Name.ToLower(), DataValue = "offline" },
                ["switchstate1"] = new PropertyModel() { DataType = (typeof(bool)).Name.ToLower(), DataValue = false },
                ["switchstate2"] = new PropertyModel() { DataType = (typeof(bool)).Name.ToLower(), DataValue = false }
            };

            deviceModel.Triggers = new List<TriggerModel>()
            {
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 1, Description = "温度超过阈值警报", Condition = "temperature > 30", Action = new ActionModel(){ Type = ActionType.WriteDevice, Arg = new Dictionary<string, object>() { ["switchstate1"] = true } } },
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 2, Description = "温度正常", Condition = "temperature <= 30", Action = new ActionModel(){ Type = ActionType.WriteDevice, Arg = new Dictionary<string, object>() { ["switchstate1"] = false } } },
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 3, Description = "湿度低于阈值警报", Condition = "humidity > 30", Action = new ActionModel(){ Type = ActionType.WriteDevice, Arg = new Dictionary<string, object>() { ["switchstate2"] = true } } },
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 4, Description = "湿度正常", Condition = "humidity <= 30", Action = new ActionModel(){ Type = ActionType.WriteDevice, Arg = new Dictionary<string, object>() { ["switchstate2"] = false } } },
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 5, Description = "温度和湿度都正常", Condition = "temperature <= 30 and humidity >= 30", Action = new ActionModel(){ Type = ActionType.WxNotice, Arg = new Dictionary<string, object>() { ["openid"] = "112233" } } },
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 6, Description = "继电器1开", Condition = "switchstate1 == true", Action = null },
                new TriggerModel() { TriggerId = 7, Description = "继电器2开", Condition = "switchstate2 == true", Action = null }
            };

            if (insert)
            {
                LitedbHelper.InsertDeviceModel(deviceModel);
            }
            else
            {
                LitedbHelper.UpdateDeviceModel(deviceModel);
            }

            Logger.Info($"Web基础信息：{ JsonSerializer.Serialize(deviceModel, new JsonSerializerOptions { Encoder = JavaScriptEncoder.UnsafeRelaxedJsonEscaping })}"); 
        }
    }
}

【服务层】通信服务

using DynamicExpresso;
using IotDataFlow.Section.iot.model;
using IotDataFlow.Util;
using Microsoft.ClearScript.V8;
using MQTTnet.Client;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Json;

namespace IotDataFlow.Section.iot
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 【服务层】通信服务
    /// </summary>
    public class Service
    {
        static MQClient mqIot = new MQClient();
        static string scriptPathIot = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + $"Script{Path.DirectorySeparatorChar}iot{Path.DirectorySeparatorChar}script1.js";
        static V8ScriptEngine engine = new V8ScriptEngine();

        /// <summary>
        /// 运行服务:MQ服务
        /// </summary>
        public static async Task Run(MqttModel mqModel, string subTopic)
        {
            string scriptContent = File.ReadAllText(scriptPathIot);
            engine = new V8ScriptEngine();
            engine.Execute(scriptContent);

            // 启动mqttserver
            await MQServer.Start(mqModel.Port, mqModel.UserName, mqModel.Password);

            // 监听订阅信息
            await mqIot.InitConnect("127.0.0.1", mqModel.Port, mqModel.UserName, mqModel.Password, "mqiot", subTopic, SubCallBack); 
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// IOT收到消息事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arg"></param>
        /// <returns></returns> 
        static async Task SubCallBack(MqttApplicationMessageReceivedEventArgs arg)
        {
            try
            {
                // mq接收
                string topic = arg.ApplicationMessage.Topic;
                string mqttPayload = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(arg.ApplicationMessage.PayloadSegment);

                Logger.Info($"IoT接收报文 >> 客户端ID=【{arg.ClientId}】 Topic主题=【{topic}】 消息=【{mqttPayload}】 qos等级=【{arg.ApplicationMessage.QualityOfServiceLevel}】");
                var encodeJson = engine.Invoke("encodeMqttPayload", mqttPayload);// {"temperature":5,"humidity":6} 
                Logger.Info($"IoT自定义解码 >> {encodeJson}");

                // 规则引擎
                var deviceId = topic.Split("/").Last();
                var deviceModel = LitedbHelper.GetDeviceModel(deviceId);
                var propertys = deviceModel.Propertys;
                var rules = deviceModel.Triggers;
                if (null == deviceModel || null == propertys || null == rules) return;

                var datas = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, JsonElement>>(encodeJson.ToString());
                var lstParam = new List<Parameter>();
                var lstJosnProperty = new List<string>();

                foreach (var data in datas)
                {
                    var propertyKey = data.Key.ToLower();
                    if (propertys.ContainsKey(propertyKey))
                    {
                        // 收集json报文中含有的属性
                        lstJosnProperty.Add(propertyKey);

                        // 填充表达式的参数
                        var propertyModel = propertys[propertyKey];
                        switch (propertyModel.DataType)
                        {
                            case "double": lstParam.Add(new Parameter(data.Key, data.Value.GetDouble())); break;
                            case "string": lstParam.Add(new Parameter(data.Key, data.Value.GetString())); break;
                            case "boolean": lstParam.Add(new Parameter(data.Key, data.Value.GetBoolean())); break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                // 评估规则  
                var interpreter = new Interpreter();  
                var filteredRules = rules.Where(rule => lstJosnProperty.Any(property => rule.Condition.Contains(property))).ToList();

                foreach (var rule in filteredRules)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        var condition = rule.Condition.Replace(" and ", " && ").Replace(" or ", " || ");

                        bool result = (bool)interpreter.Eval(condition, lstParam.ToArray());

                        if (result)
                        {
                            // 添加记录 
                            LitedbHelper.InsertAlarm(new AlarmModel() { Description= rule.Description });

                            if (null != rule.Action && null != rule.Action.Arg)
                            {
                                string argJson = JsonSerializer.Serialize(rule.Action.Arg);

                                switch (rule.Action.Type)
                                {
                                    case ActionType.WxNotice:
                                        {
                                            Logger.Info($"IoT触发规则 >> {rule.Description} 联动场景=【微信通知】 执行参数=【{argJson}】");
                                        }
                                        break;
                                    case ActionType.WriteDevice:
                                        {
                                            var decodeJson = engine.Invoke("decodeMqttPayload", argJson);// {"temperature":5,"humidity":6}
                                            Logger.Info($"IoT触发规则 >> {rule.Description} 联动场景=【写入设备】 执行参数=【{argJson}】 自定义解码=【{decodeJson}】");
                                            mqIot.Publish(deviceModel.PubTopic, decodeJson.ToString());
                                        }
                                        break;
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                Logger.Info($"IoT触发规则 >> {rule.Description} 联动场景=【无】");
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        //Logger.Error($"Service,Condition,errmsg:{ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Logger.Error($"Service,SubCallBack,errmsg:{ex.Message}\r\nstacktrace:{ex.StackTrace}");
            }
        }
    }
}

编解码文件

// =======================================================================================
// ** 脚本名称：script2.js
// ** 输入Json：{"GateCode":"gw1","Equips":[{"EquipCode":"JY355","Tags":[{"TagCode":"40105","TagValue":"5"},{"TagCode":"40106","TagValue":"6"}]},{"DeviceCode":"JY356","Tags":[{"TagCode":"40107","TagValue":"7"},{"TagCode":"40108","TagValue":"8"}]}]}
// ** 输出Json：{"clientid":"gw1","time":"2024-08-30 11:34:35","JY355":[{"tag":"40105","value":"5"},{"tag":"40106","value":"6"}],"JY356":[{"tag":"40107","value":"7"},{"tag":"40108","value":"8"}]}
// =======================================================================================
function createMqttPayload(dataJson) { 
    let gate = JSON.parse(dataJson);
    let clientid = gate.GateCode;
    let device = gate.Devices;

    let result = {
        clientid: gate.GateCode, 
        time: new Date(),
    };  

    device.forEach(function (d) {
        let equipCode = d.EquipCode;
        let tag = d.Tags;

        if (!result[equipCode]) {
            result[equipCode] = [];
        }  

        tag.forEach(function (t) { 
            result[equipCode].push({
                tag: t.TagCode,
                value: t.TagValue
            });   
        }); 
    });

    return JSON.stringify(result);
}
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